A primitive root; to tend a flock; i.e. Pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend) -- X break, companion, keep company with, devour, eat up, evil entreat, feed, use as a friend, make friendship with, herdman, keep (sheep)(-er), pastor, + shearing house, shepherd, wander, waste.
H7462. ra
'ah I. רָעָה167 verb pasture, tend, graze (Assyrian rê°û, verb pasture, noun ruler, Tel Amarna ru—i (as Canaanism) WklNo. 181, 11; Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic רְעָא, , all = Biblical Hebrew); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular consecutive וְרָעָה Micah 5:3 +, 1 singular suffix consecutive זּרְעִיתִים Ezekiel 34:13, 3plural suffix consecutive וְרָעוּם Jeremiah 23:4, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִרְעֶה Isaiah 27:20 +, jussive יֵ֫רַע Job 20:26, suffix יִרְעֶנָּה Psalm 80:14, וַיִרְעֵם 78:72 (׳וַיַּר
Hiph`il van d. H.), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְעֵה Micah 7:14 +, suffix רְעֵם Psalm 28:9; feminine singular רְעִי Song of Solomon 1:8; masculine plural רְעוּ Genesis 29:7; Infinitive construct לִרְעוֺת 37:12 +, etc.; Participle רֹעֶה 30:36 +, suffix רֹעִי Psalm 23:1 +; feminine singular רֹעָה Genesis 29:9; Proverbs 25:19, etc.; —
1 transitive
a. pasture, tend (pascere), literal, with accusative צאֹן Genesis 30:31, 36; 37:12 (all J), Exodus 3:1 (E), 1 Samuel 17:15; 25:16; Isaiah 61:5, accusative of asses Genesis 36:24 (P), kids Song of Solomon 1:8; accusative (צאֹן) omitted Genesis 29:7; 37:13 (ב location) 37:16 (all J), Song of Solomon 1:7 ("" הִרְבִּיץ), Job 24:2 (ᵐ5 Me Siegf Bu וְרֹעוֺ); — metaphor יִרְעֵם לֹא וָיֶקֶב גֹּרֶן Hosea 9:2, but read ᵐ5 יֵדָעֵם We Now GASm; יִרְעֵם מָוֶת Psalm 49:15.
b. figurative of ׳י, accusative of person, Genesis 48:15 (E) God, who shepherded me; with accusative of people, as flock Hosea 4:16; Isaiah 40:11; Micah 7:14 (בְּשִׁבְטֶ֑ךָ), Ezekiel 34:13 (pregnantly, with אֶל location), 34:14; 34:15 (+ הִרְבִּיץ), 34:16; Psalm 28:9.
c. figurative of ruler, and teacher, accusative of people, as flock, 2 Samuel 5:2 = 1 Chronicles 11:2; 2 Samuel 7:1 = 1 Chronicles 17:6; Psalm 78:72; Jeremiah 3:15; 23:2, 4; Ezekiel 34:2-3, 8, 10, 23 (twice in verse); Zechariah 11:4, 7 (twice in verse); 11:9; of teaching, צַדִּיק שִׂפְתֵי רַבִּים יִרְעוּ Proverbs 10:21; with ב of people Psalm 78:71; absolute Micah 5:3; with accusative of person reflexive pastured (fed, enriched) themselves Ezekiel 34:2, 8, 10.
d. especially participle רֹעֶה, etc., as substantive = shepherd, herdsman: (I) literal, רֹעֵה צאֹן Genesis 4:2; 46:32, 34; 47:3 (all J), בַּצּ ׳רֹעֶה 37:2 (E), 1 Samuel 16:11; 17:34; מִקְנֶה רֹעֵי Genesis 13:7 (twice in verse) (J); ׳(ה)ר alone, singular Amos 3:12 7t. (all in simile); רֹעָה shepherdess, Genesis 29:9 (J); אֱוִילִי רֹעֶה כְּלִי Zechariah 11:15 (see כְּלִי 2c), as symbol; plural (הָ)רֹעִים Amos 1:2; Exodus 2:17, 19 (J) 1 Samuel 21:8 (הָר ׳אַבִּיר; Gr Dr Bu Kit Löhr ׳א חָרָצִים; ᵐ5 LagBN 45 HPS הָעְַיָרִים אֹבִיל, but compare We) + 8 t. + Isaiah 31:4 (simile), 38:12 (read רֹעִים for רֹעִי Perles29 Du CheHpt compare Di), compare (suffix) Genesis 13:8 (twice in verse) (J); הָרֹעִים כְּלִי 1 Samuel 17:40 (see כְּלִי
3); — הָרִעִיס בֵּידעֵֿקֶד. (2) figurative of ruler (as often Assyrian; compare Greek (Homer) ποιμένα λαῶν), absolute singular Jeremiah 17:16 **figurative of prophet (but Aq Symm ᵑ6 Gie Du Co מֵרָעָה); Zechariah 10:2; 11:16; 13:7b + 8 t. Jeremiah, Ezekiel; suffix of רֹעִי ׳י, Isaiah 44:28 (of Cyrus), Zechariah 13:7a.; Zechariah 13:17 (read הָאֱוִילִי רֹעִי We Now GASm); absolute plural Isaiah 56:11; Jeremiah 2:8; 3:15; Micah 5:4; Zechariah 10:3; 11:5, 8 18t. Jeremiah Ezekiel 34, + (of Assyrian leaders) Nahum 3:18; יִשׂ ׳רֹעֵי Ezekiel 34:2; רֹעֵי צאֹנוֺ Isaiah 63:11 (but read רֹעֵה [of Moses] ᵐ5 Targam Di Du and others). (3) epithet of ׳י י ׃ ׳רֹעִי Psalm 23:1, יִשׂ ׳רֹעֵה 80:2, יִשׂ אֶבֶן ׳רֹעֶה Genesis 49:24 (poem in J; read construct רֹעֵה. compare Commentaries); אֶחָד מֵרֹעֶה Ecclesiastes 12:11 De Wild, < president of assembly of sages Siegf SS.
2 intransitive feed, graze:
a. literally of cows, sheep, etc.: with ב location Genesis 41:2, 18 (E), 1 Chronicles 27:29; with accusative of pasture Isaiah 30:23; with עַל location Zephaniah 2:7 (הַיָּם עֲלֵי for עֲלֵיהֶם ᵑ0, see Now); אֶלמֿוּל location Exodus 34:3 (J); absolute Isaiah 5:17; 11:7 ("" רבץ; but see רעה below) 27:10 ("" id.), 65:25; Jonah 3:7; Job 1:14.
b. figurative of idolater, Isaiah 44:20 he feedeth on ashes (accusative); compare Hosea 12:2 Ehpraimitic source feedeth on wind (acc); יִר כְסִילִים ׳מִּי אִוֶּלֶת Proverbs 15:14 (so Vrss Qr; Kt פני for פי) the mouth of fools feeds on folly (Toy; Buhl √ II. רעה, Gerber162 below III. רעה); in Canticles, with ב location, figurative of lover Song of Solomon 2:16; 6:2-3, of breasts (like gazelles) 4:5.
c. figurative, of Israel as flock Isaiah 14:30 ("" רבץ), read (יַ֯) בְּכָרֹי in my pasture(s), for בְּכוֺרֵי ᵑ0, Koppe Ew Di Du (otherwise CheHpt, compare Marti); Zephaniah 3:13 ("" id..); with עַלדְּֿרָכִים Isaiah 49:9; with accusative of pasture-land Jeremiah 50:19; Micah 7:14; Ezekiel 34:14b ( + אֶל location), 34:18; 34:19; hence crop, strip, i.e. devastate, of conqueror, with accusative of land Micah 5:6, cf; אֶתיָֿדוֺ Jeremiah 6:3; so קָדְקֹד יִרְעוּךְ; 2:16; accusative of Israel under figure of vine (subject foes, as beasts) Psalm 80:14.
d. subject wind, with accusative of person Jeremiah 22:22, i. e. drive them away; subject fire, with accusative of thing, יֵרַע Job 20:26, but read perhaps יֵרָע,
Niph`al (Ol Di Hoffm Siegf Bu; otherwise Du). עֲקָרָה֯ רֹעֶה Job 24:21 is difficult; Bu חֵרַע for ׳ר; more radical conjectures in Du.
Niph`al possibly Job 20:26, see 2d above
Hiph`il Psalm 78:72 van d. H., see 1c above
רֹעֶה shepherd, רֹעָה shepherdess, see √ 1 d. above
II. [רָעָה] verb probably associate with (compare Schulth69ff. but also NöZMG iiv (1900), 154 f.; Assyrian ru°a, ruttu, neighbour, fellow (masculine and feminine; compare JägerBAS i. 483, 486); so Bedouin , master, owner, WallinZMG v (1851), 9 JayakarJA xxi. 851; Ethiopic marriage; Arabic , Ethiopic yoke; Late Hebrew רֵעוּת friendship is from Biblical Hebrew רֵעַ); —
Qal Imperative masculine singular אֱמוּנָה וּרְעֵה Psalm 37:3 cherish faithfulness (Hup-Now RV Che Du Dr); > feed seocurely (Bae; I.רעה; feed on (his) faithfulness AmRV); Participle רֹעֶה כְסִילִים Proverbs 13:20 one associating with fools, so ר ׳זֹלְלְים 28:7, ׳ר זוֺנוֺת 29:3 (Thes and others think these figurative from I. רעה, see 2b).
Hithpa`el2masculine singular אָ֑ף אֶתבַּֿעַל אַלתִּֿתְרַע Proverbs 22:24 do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man; perhaps also 3 feminine plural תִּתְרָעֶינָה Isaiah 11:7 (LagOr. i. 21; Deceased Wife's Sister 399 Brd Du Che Hpt) cow and bear shall be each other's companions; + Infinitive construct הִתְרָעֹת Proverbs 18:24 (Toy, for הִתְרֹעֵעַ ᵑ0) there are [יֵשׁ, for אִישׁ] friends (merely) to be companions (see II. רעע near the end).
[רָעָה] verb denominative Pi`el be a special friend; — Perfect3masculine singular לוֺ רֵעָה אֲשֶׁר מֵרֵעֵהוּ Judges 14:20 his comrade who had been 'best man' (GFM) to him.
רעה (√ of following; compare Biblical Hebrew III. רעה).