STRONGS NUMBER H3426


Word Summary
yesh: being, substance, existence, is
Original Word: יֵשׁ
Transliteration: yesh
Phonetic Spelling: (yaysh)
Part of Speech: substantive
Short Definition: being, substance, existence, is
Meaning: being, substance, existence, is
Strong's Concordance
there are, he, it, shall, there, there may, there shall, there should be,

Perhaps from an unused root meaning to stand out, or exist; entity; used adverbially or as a copula for the substantive verb (hayah); there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection) -- (there) are, (he, it, shall, there, there may, there shall, there should) be, thou do, had, hast, (which) hath, (I, shalt, that) have, (he, it, there) is, substance, it (there) was, (there) were, ye will, thou wilt, wouldest.

see HEBREW hayah

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H3426. yesh

יֵשׁ187 substantive being, substance, existence (on etymology see 2) — יֵשׁGenesis 18:24 etc.; יֶשֿׁ31:29 + often; הֲיֵשׁ24:23 18t. (so אִשׁ2 Samuel 14:19 , הַאִשׁMicah 6:10 ), with suffix יֶשְׁךָGenesis 24:42 2t.; יֶשְׁכֶם24:49 ; הֲיִשְׁכֶםDeuteronomy 13:4 ; יֶשְׁנוֺ‎ (Ol§ 97 b Sta§ 370 b) 29:14; 1 Samuel 14:39 (+ 14:41 ᵐ5‎ We Dr), 23:23; Esther 3:8 ; —

1 substance, only Proverbs 8:21 יֵשׁ אֹהֲבַי לְהַנְחִיל‎ to cause them that love me to inherit substance (so Sir 42:3).

2 elsewhere (properly as a substantive in the stative construct), it asserts existence, and so corresponds to the verb substantive, is (are, was, were, will be), literally the being, presence of... (so Biblical Aramaic אִתַי‎; Aramaic אית איתא,‎, [whence (self-) existent, essence, substance], with לָא‎ contracted לֵית לַיִת,‎, ; Mandean לאיית עית, עת,‎; Arabic [with irregular ] (inflected as a verb, , , etc.; WAG i. § 182, ii. § 42) is not ( is known only in two proverbial sayings, as a secondary form FlKl. Schr. i. 146 f.); Assyrian išû, be, have DlHWB 310; with affix 1 singular la-a i-ša-a-ku, I have not, TPi. 57 f.. On this word, see especially NöM. § 213, who exemplifies its different constructions in Semitic, and shews how it tends to pass into a verb; — (1) in Biblical Aramaic, Syriac, Babylonian ᵑ7‎, with possessive suffix; (2) in later Palestinian dialects, Jerusalem ᵑ7‎, Jerusalem Talmud, sometimes also in Babylonian ᵑ7‎ and Syriac, with independent personal pronoun (as הוא לית אנא, לית‎); (3) in Mandean, Babylonian Talmud, sometimes in Syriac and Arabic, and in Hebrew יֶשְׁנוֺ‎, with object. (verbal) suffix; (4) in Arabic, as a true verb. In Ethiopic literally therein, German es gibt, is similar in use (DiGr. § 167, l), though not of course in origin. In Hebrew the corresponding negative is אַיִן‎, q. v., the construction of which is quite similar) — is, are, was, were, etc., not, however, as a mere copula, but implying existence with emphasis (hence in English to be often represented by the substantive verb in italics):

a. with a predicate following, Genesis 28:16 י ישׁ ׳אכן הזה במקום‎ surely Y. is (emphatic) in this place! 44:26 אִתְּכֶם אָחִינוּ יֵשׁ אִם‎; Exodus 17:7 אַיִן אִם בְּקִרְבֵּנוּ יהוה הֲיֵשׁ‎, Numbers 22:29 בידי חרב ישׁ לו‎ Oh, that there were a sword in my hand! Deuteronomy 13:4 אֹהֲבִים הֲיִשְׁכֶם‎ whether you do love, 29:17 אישׁ בכם ישׁ פן‎, 29:18; 1 Samuel 9:11f. and they said, Is the seer here? and they said יֵשׁHe is, 20:8; 23:23; Jeremiah 27:18. Alone, in answer to a question (asked with יֵשׁ‎), He (it) is: 1 Samuel 9:12; 2 Kings 10:15; Jeremiah 37:17. But 23:26 (where ישׁ‎ has no substantive or suffix) text must be corrupt: compare Gie.

b. absolutely, there is (es. gibt, il y a), Genesis 18:24 בעיר צדיקים חמשׁים ישׁ אולי‎ perhaps there are fifty righteous in the city, 24:23 ללון לנו מקום אביך בית הישׁ‎, 42:1 ׳במצ שׁבר ישׁ כי‎ that there was corn in Egypt, Judges 4:20 אישׁ פה הישׁ‎, 2 Samuel 9:1; 2 Kings 5:8 he shall know that there is (emphatic) a prophet in Israel, Ruth 3:12 there is a kinsman nearer than I, Psalm 58:12 surely there are gods judging on the earth: so in aphorisms, asserting the existence of a particular character, quality, etc., Proverbs 11:24 עוד ונוסף מפזר ישׁ‎, 12:18; 13:7, 23; 14:12; 16:25; 18:24; 20:15; Ecclesiastes 2:21; 4:8; 5:12; 6:1, 11; 7:15 (twice in verse); 8:14 (3 t. in verse); 10:5. In questions, or protestations, יֵשׁ‎ often implies a doubt whether what is asked about is to be found or exists: 1 Kings 18:10; Jeremiah 5:1 and see אישׁ ישׁ אם‎ if there is (emphatic) a man doing justice, etc. (compare Psalm 14:2), Psalm 14:22; Isaiah 44:8 אלהים הישׁis there a god beside me? Psalm 7:4 בכפי עול ישׁ אם‎ if there is iniquity in my hands! 73:11 is there knowledge in the Most High? Job 5:1; 6:30; Lamentations 1:2.

c. special phrases: — (a) after אִם‎ and a participle, where an abiding intention is to be emphasized, Genesis 24:42 דרכי מצליח אםיֿשׁךנֿא‎ if thou art (really), prospering my way, 24:49; 43:4; Judges 6:36 (compare II. אין

2b). (b) לְ יֵשׁ‎ = has (had), especially with pronouns לְךָ יֵשׁ לִי, יֵשׁ‎; etc., Genesis 33:9 רָב יֶשׁלִֿיI have plenty, 33:11; 43:7 אח לכם הישׁ‎, 44:20 זקן אב לנו ישׁ‎, 1 Samuel 17:40 that they may know לישׂראל אלהים ישׁ כי‎ that Israel has (emphatic) a god, 2 Kings 4:2 מַהיֶּֿשׁלָֿכְי‎ what hast thou ? Job 14:7 for a tree has (emphatic) hope (compare Ruth 1:12), Ruth 25:3; Ruth 28:1; Ruth 38:28 אב למטר ׃הישׁGenesis 39:5 (twice in verse); 39:8, * F f יֶשׁלֿו אשׁר כל‎ all that had (39:4 without אשׁר‎, probably error). (c) with infinitive and לְ‎, is it possible to... ? 2 Kings 4:13; לדברלֿך הישׁcan-1speak for thee to the king? 2 Chronicles 25:9; so לְ אִשׁ2 Samuel 14:19 (compare לְ אֵין‎, below II. אַיִן

5). (d)... אֲשֶׁר יֵשׁ‎ (if) it was that... Numbers 9:20-21, there were some who... (with participle) Nehemiah 5:2-3, 4 (compare Syriac for ὃ μὲν... ὃ δὲ ... Matthew 13:8; PS172). (e) יָדִי יֶשׁלְֿאֵלGenesis 31:29 and elsewhere; see II. אֵל

7, p. 43. (f) 2 Kings 10:15 וָיֵשׁand (if) it be... (compare וָלֹא5:17; 2 Samuel 13:26); so Judges 6:13 י ׳וְיֵשׁ אִתָּנוּ‎. (g) pleonastic יֵשׁ אֵיןPsalm 135:17. (h) יֵשׁ לֹאJob 9:33 (compare , : but ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎ Me and others לֻא‎). — As a rule, יֵשׁ‎ precedes its substantive (from which, however, like אין‎, it may be separated: Genesis 24:23; 43:7 אָח לָכֶם הֲיֵשׁ‎, 44:19-20, 1 Samuel 20:8 etc.); but occasionally, for greater emphasis, this is prefixed: 21:5 ישׁ קדשׁ לחם אם כי‎ but holy bread there is! Isaiah 43:8 the blind people, ישׁ ועינים‎ though it has eyes, Judges 19:19 לי ישׁ ויין לחם‎ (compare אַיִן2c).