Viewing the King James Version. Click to switch to 1611 King James Version of Romans 13:1.
- King James Bible "Authorized Version", Cambridge Edition
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View Wesley's Notes for Romans 13:1
13:1 St. Paul, writing to the Romans, whose city was the seat of the empire, speaks largely of obedience to magistrates: and this was also, in effect, a public apology for the Christian religion. Let every soul be subject to the supreme powers - An admonition peculiarly needful for the Jews. Power, in the singular number, is the supreme authority; powers are they who are invested with it. That is more readily acknowledged to be from God than these. The apostle affirms it of both. They are all from God, who constituted all in general, and permits each in particular by his providence. The powers that be are appointed by God - It might be rendered, are subordinate to, or, orderly disposed under, God; implying, that they are God's deputies or vicegerents and consequently, their authority being, in effect, his, demands our conscientious obedience.
View People's Bible Notes for Romans 13:1
Ro 13:1 The Christians and Civil Government SUMMARY OF ROMANS 13: Civil Government an Appointment of God. A Protection to the Law-Abiding. A Terror to Evil Doers. Must Be Supported by Taxes and Customs. Love the Fulfillment of the Divine Law. The Christian to Live a Holy, Spiritual Life. Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. To the established civil government. Why should Paul, in this portion of the epistle to Christian life, give this exhortation to obedience to civil government? Perhaps for several reasons: (1) The Christians at that early period were usually associated by the heathen with the Jews, and the Jews were noted for turbulence. See Ac 18:2. (2) The fires that broke forth a few years later, in the Jewish uprising that led to the destruction of Jerusalem, were already smoldering wherever there were those of Jewish blood. Many Christians were Jews by birth. (3) There was danger that Christians, especially under persecution, should be inclined to make disturbance. (4) Some even held that since Christ's kingdom was established human governments had no rightful existence. There is no power but of God. He is the source of all authority, and he has appointed human governments for the welfare of man. The existing government over us is to be regarded as a divine arrangement.
Brant's comment on 2013-04-28 11:25:39:
When God's rule is rejected, as it first was civilly in the First Book of Samuel, then we are subject to the rule of men. That is when each of us refuse to live the way we know we should,in love and in peace, in God's grace. To love the Lord our God with all of our heart, all of our soul,all of our strength,and all of our mind. And to love our neighbor as our self. We relinquish our freedoms to the degree we relinquish our responsibility to obey this command. We are warned in the eight chapter of First Samuel of the consequences of human rule and the eleventh chapter of Zechariah of the what was to come. As Israel rejected God for a human King,as the Jews rejected Christ as Savior, so we lose are freedom by rejecting the Word of God. It is by this that man is subjected to the powers that be, it is his own doing.
Mac's comment on 2013-03-03 18:51:32:
Trying to compare Pauline position with Rawls’ justice theory position and Kant's categorical imperative. Does the state have a divine mandate of heaven even the immoral ones or does humanity have the responsibility to choose a better way?
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