Free Bible Dictionary
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Eagle "(Herb. nesher; properly the griffon vulture or great vulture, so "called from its tearing its prey with its beak), referred to for" "its swiftness of flight (Deut. 28:49; 2 Sam. 1:23), its mounting" ... Ear "Used frequently in a figurative sense (Ps. 34:15). To "uncover" "the ear" is to show respect to a person (1 Sam. 20:2 marg.). To" "have the "ear heavy", or to have "uncircumcised ears" (Isa." "6:10) ... Earing "An Old English word (from the Latin aro, I plough), meaning" ploughing. It is used in the Authorized Version in Gen. 45:6; Ex. 34:21; 1 Sam. 8:12; Deut. 21:4; Isa. 30:24; but the Revised Version has ... Earnest The Spirit is the earnest of the believer's destined inheritance (2 Cor. 1:22; 5:5; Eph. 1:14). The word thus rendered is the "same as that rendered "pledge" in Gen. 38:17-20; "indeed, the" Hebrew wo ... Earrings Rings properly for the ear (Gen. 35:4; Num. 31:50; Ezek. 16:12). "In Gen. 24:47 the word means a nose-jewel, and is so rendered in" the Revised Version. In Isa. 3:20 the Authorized Version has "ear-r ... Earth "(1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word" "adamah'. In Gen. 9:20 "husbandman" is literally "man of the" "ground or earth." Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24)." "Naa ... Earthquake Mentioned among the extraordinary phenomena of Palestine (Ps. 18:7; comp. Hab. 3:6; Nah. 1:5; Isa. 5:25). "The first earthquake in Palestine of which we have any record "happened in the reign of Ahab ... East "(1.) The orient (mizrah); the rising of the sun. Thus "the east" "country" is the country lying to the east of Syria, the Elymais" (Zech. 8:7). "(2). Properly what is in front of one, or a country t ... East Children of the "The Arabs as a whole, known as the Nabateans or Kedarenes, nomad" "tribes (Judg. 6:3, 33; 7:12; 8:10)." ... East gate "(Jer. 19:2), properly the Potter's gate, the gate which led to" "the potter's field, in the valley of Hinnom." ... East sea "(Joel 2:20; Ezek. 47:18), the Dead Sea, which lay on the east" "side of the Holy Land. The Mediterranean, which lay on the west," "was hence called the "great sea for the west border" (Num." 34:6). ... East wind "The wind coming from the east (Job 27:21; Isa. 27:8, etc.)." "Blight caused by this wind, "thin ears" (Gen. 41:6); the" "withered "gourd" (Jonah 4: 8). It was the cause and also the" emblem of evil ... Easter "Originally a Saxon word (Eostre), denoting a goddess of the" "Saxons, in honour of whom sacrifices were offered about the time" of the Passover. Hence the name came to be given to the festival "of t ... Eating The ancient Hebrews would not eat with the Egyptians (Gen. 43:32). In the time of our Lord they would not eat with "Samaritans (John 4:9), and were astonished that he ate with" publicans and sinners ... Ebal "Stony. (1.) A mountain 3,076 feet above the level of the sea," "and 1,200 feet above the level of the valley, on the north side" of which stood the city of Shechem (q.v.). On this mountain six "of t ... Ebed "Slave, the father of Gaal, in whom the men of Shechem "put" "confidence" in their conspiracy against Abimelech (Judg. 9:26," "26, 30, 31)." ... Ebedmelech "A servant of the king; probably an official title, an Ethiopian," "one of the eunuchs which was in the king's house; i.e., in the" "palace of Zedekiah, king of Judah. He interceded with the king" "i ... Ebenezer "Stone of help, the memorial stone set up by Samuel to" commemorate the divine assistance to Israel in their great "battle against the Philistines, whom they totally routed (1 Sam." "7:7-12) at Aphek ... Eber Beyond. (1.). The third post-duluvian patriach after Shem (Gen. 10:24; 11:14). He is regarded as the founder of the Hebrew race (10:21; Num. 24:24). In Luke 3:35 he is called Heber. "(2.) One of the ... Ebony "A black, hard wood, brought by the merchants from India to Tyre" "(Ezek. 27:15). It is the heart-wood, brought by Diospyros" "ebenus, which grows in Ceylon and Southern India." ... Ebronah "Passage, one of the stations of the Israelites in their" "wanderings (Num. 33:34, 35). It was near Ezion-geber." ... Ecbatana (Ezra 6:2 marg.). (See [170]ACHMETHA.) ... Ecclesiastes "The Greek rendering of the Hebrew Koheleth, which means" Preacher. The old and traditional view of the authorship of this book attributes it to Solomon. This view can be "satisfactorily maintained, ... Eclipse Of the sun alluded to in Amos 8:9; Micah 3:6; Zech. 14:6; Joel 2:10. Eclipses were regarded as tokens of God's anger (Joel 3:15; Job 9:7). The darkness at the crucifixion has been ascribed to an ecli ... Ed "Witness, a word not found in the original Hebrew, nor in the" "LXX. and Vulgate, but added by the translators in the Authorized" "Version, also in the Revised Version, of Josh. 22:34. The words" "ar ... Edar "Tower of the flock, a tower between Bethlehem and Hebron, near" which Jacob first halted after leaving Bethlehem (Gen. 35:21). "In Micah 4:8 the word is rendered "tower of the flock" (marg.," "Edar) ... Eden Delight. (1.) The garden in which our first parents dewlt (Gen. 2:8-17). No geographical question has been so much discussed as "that bearing on its site. It has been placed in Armenia, in the" "regi ... Eder "Flock. (1.) A city in the south of Judah, on the border of" Idumea (Josh. 15:21). "(2.) The second of the three sons of Mushi, of the family of "Merari, appointed to the Levitical office (1 Chr. 23: ... Edom "(1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Gen. 25:30, "Feed me, I pray thee," "with that same red pottage [Heb. haadom, haadom, i.e., `the red" "pottage, the red pottage'] ...Therefore was his name called" "Edo ... Edrei Mighty; strength. (1.) One of the chief towns of the kingdom of "Bashan (Josh. 12:4, 5). Here Og was defeated by the Israelites," and the strength of the Amorites broken (Num. 21:33-35). It "subseque ... Effectual call Effectual prayer "Occurs in Authorized Version, James 5:16. The Revised Version" "renders appropriately: "The supplication of a righteous man" "availeth much in its working", i.e., "it moves the hand of Him" "who mov ... Egg "(Heb. beytsah, "whiteness"). Eggs deserted (Isa. 10:14), of a" "bird (Deut. 22:6), an ostrich (Job 39:14), the cockatrice (Isa." "59:5). In Luke 11:12, an egg is contrasted with a scorpion," "which ... Eglah "A heifer, one of David's wives, and mother of Ithream (2 Sam." 3:5; 1 Chr. 3:3). According to a Jewish tradition she was Michal. ... Eglaim "Two ponds, (Isa. 15:8), probably En-eglaim of Ezek. 47:10." ... Eglon The bullock; place of heifers. (1.) Chieftain or king of one of the Moabite tribes (Judg. 3:12-14). Having entered into an "alliance with Ammon and Amalek, he overran the trans-Jordanic" "region, and ... Egypt "The land of the Nile and the pyramids, the oldest kingdom of" "which we have any record, holds a place of great significance in" Scripture. "The Egyptians belonged to the white race, and their origi ... Ehud "Union. (1.) A descendant of Benjamin (1 Chr. 7:10), his" great-grandson. "(2.) The son of Gera, of the tribe of Benjamin (Judg. 3:15). "After the death of Othniel the people again fell into idolatry ... Ekron "Firm-rooted, the most northerly of the five towns belonging to" "the lords of the Philistines, about 11 miles north of Gath. It" "was assigned to Judah (Josh. 13:3), and afterwards to Dan" "(19:43), ... Elah "Terebinth or oak. (1.) Valley of, where the Israelites were" "encamped when David killed Goliath (1 Sam. 17:2, 19). It was" near Shochoh of Judah and Azekah (17:1). It is the modern Wady "es-Sunt, i ... Elam "Highland, the son of Shem (Gen. 10:22), and the name of the" "country inhabited by his descendants (14:1, 9; Isa. 11:11; 21:2," "etc.) lying to the east of Babylonia, and extending to the shore" "of ... Elasah "God made. (1.) One of the descendants of Judah, of the family of" "Hezron (1 Chr. 2:39, "Eleasah")." "(2.) A descendant of king Saul (1 Chr. 8:37; 9:43). "(3.) The son of Shaphan, one of the two who ... Elath "Grove; trees, (Deut. 2:8), also in plural form Eloth (1 Kings" "9:26, etc.); called by the Greeks and Romans Elana; a city of" "Idumea, on the east, i.e., the Elanitic, gulf, or the Gulf of" "Akabah ... ElBethel "God of Bethel, the name of the place where Jacob had the vision" "of the ladder, and where he erected an altar (Gen. 31:13; 35:7)." ... Eldad "Whom God has loved, one of the seventy elders whom Moses" "appointed (Num. 11:26, 27) to administer justice among the" "people. He, with Medad, prophesied in the camp instead of going" "with the res ... Elder A name frequently used in the Old Testament as denoting a person "clothed with authority, and entitled to respect and reverence" (Gen. 50:7). It also denoted a political office (Num. 22:7). The elder ... Elealeh "God has ascended, a place in the pastoral country east of" "Jordan, in the tribe of Reuben (Num. 32:3, 37). It is not again" mentioned till the time of Isaiah (15:4; 16:9) and Jeremiah "(48:34). It ... Eleazar God has helped. (1.) The third son of Aaron (Ex. 6:23). His "wife, a daughter of Putiel, bore him Phinehas (Ex. 6:25). After" the death of Nadab and Abihu (Lev. 10:12; Num. 3:4) he was appointed to t ... Elect lady To whom the Second Epistle of John is addressed (2 John 1:1). "Some think that the word rendered "lady" is a proper name, and" "thus that the expression should be "elect Kyria." ... Election of Grace The Scripture speaks (1) of the election of individuals to "office or to honour and privilege, e.g., Abraham, Jacob, Saul," "David, Solomon, were all chosen by God for the positions they" held; so al ... EleloheIsreal "Mighty one; God of Israel, the name which Jacob gave to the" alter which he erected on the piece of land where he pitched his "tent before Shechem, and which he afterwards purchased from the" sons o ... Elements "In its primary sense, as denoting the first principles or" "constituents of things, it is used in 2 Pet. 3:10: "The elements" "shall be dissolved." In a secondary sense it denotes the first" princip ... Elephant Not found in Scripture except indirectly in the original Greek "word (elephantinos) translated "of ivory" in Rev. 18:12, and in" "the Hebrew word (shenhabim, meaning "elephant's tooth") rendered" ivo ... Elhanan Whom God has graciously bestowed. (1.) A warrior of the time of David famed for his exploits. In the Authorized Version (2 Sam. "21:19) it is recorded that "Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim, a" "Bethl ... Eli "Ascent, the high priest when the ark was at Shiloh (1 Sam. 1:3," "9). He was the first of the line of Ithamar, Aaron's fourth son" "(1 Chr. 24:3; comp. 2 Sam. 8:17), who held that office. The" offic ... Eliab "To whom God is father. (1.) A Reubenite, son of Pallu (Num." "16:1, 12; 26:8, 9; Deut. 11:6)." "(2.) A son of Helon, and chief of the tribe of Zebulun at the time of the census in the wilderness (Nu ... Eliada Whom God cares for. (1.) One of David's sons born after his establishment in Jerusalem (2 Sam. 5:16). "(2.) A mighty man of war, a Benjamite (2 Chr. 17:17). "(3.) An Aramite of Zobah, captain of a ma ... Eliakim "Whom God will raise up. (1.) The son of Melea (Luke 3:30), and" probably grandson of Nathan. "(2.) The son of Abiud, of the posterity of Zerubbabel (Matt. 1:13). "(3.) The son of Hilkiah, who was se ... Eliam "God's people. (1.) The father of Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah (2" Sam. 11:3). In 1 Chr. 3:5 his name is Ammiel. "(2.) This name also occurs as that of a Gilonite, the son of "Ahithophel, and one of ... Elias "The Greek form of Elijah (Matt. 11:14; 16:14, etc.), which the" Revised Version has uniformly adopted in the New Testament. (See [177]ELIJAH.) ... Eliashib "Whom God will restore. (1.) A priest, head of one of the courses" of the priests of the time of David (1 Chr. 24:12). "(2.) A high priest in the time of Ezra and Nehemiah (Neh. 12:22, "23). He rebui ... Eliathah "To whom God will come, one of the foureen sons of the Levite" "Heman, and musician of the temple in the time of David (1 Chr." 25:4). ... Elidad "Whom God has loved, son of Chislon, and chief of the tribe of" Benjamin; one of those who were appointed to divide the Promised Land among the tribes (Num. 34:21). ... Eliel "To whom God is might. (1.) A chief of Manasseh, on the east of" Jordan (1 Chr. 5:24). "(2.) A Gadite who joined David in the hold at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:11). "(3.) One of the overseers of the offering ... Eliezer "God his help. (1.) "Of Damascus," the "steward" (R.V.," "possessor) of Abraham's house (Gen. 15:2, 3). It was probably" he who headed the embassy sent by Abraham to the old home of his family in Pad ... Elihu "Whose God is he. (1.) "The son of Barachel, a Buzite" (Job" "32:2), one of Job's friends. When the debate between Job and his" "friends is brought to a close, Elihu for the first time makes" "his ap ... Elijah "Whose God is Jehovah. (1.) "The Tishbite," the "Elias" of the" "New Testament, is suddenly introduced to our notice in 1 Kings" 17:1 as delivering a message from the Lord to Ahab. There is "mention ... Elika "God is his rejector, one of David's thirty-seven distinguished" heros (2 Sam. 23:25). ... Elim "Trees, (Ex. 15:27; Num. 33:9), the name of the second station" where the Israelites encamped after crossing the Red Sea. It had twelve wells of water and threescore and ten palm trees. It "has been ... Elimelech "God his king, a man of the tribe of Judah, of the family of the" "Hezronites, and kinsman of Boaz, who dwelt in Bethlehem in the" "days of the judges. In consequence of a great dearth he, with" "his ... Elioenai "Toward Jehovah are my eyes, the name of several men mentioned in" "the Old Testament (1 Chr. 7:8; 4:36; Ezra 10:22, 27). Among" "these was the eldest son of Neariah, son of Shemaiah, of the" descend ... Eliphalet "God his deliverance, one of David's sons (2 Sam. 5:16); called" also Eliphelet (1 Chr. 3:8). ... Eliphaz "God his strength. (1.) One of Job's "three friends" who visited" "him in his affliction (4:1). He was a "Temanite", i.e., a native" "of Teman, in Idumea. He first enters into debate with Job. His" l ... Elipheleh "God will distinguish him, one of the porters appointed to play" on the Sheminith on the occasion of the bringing up of the ark "to the city of David (1 Chr. 15:18, 21)." ... Eliphelet God his deliverance. (1.) One of David's distinguished warriors (2 Sam. 23:34); called also Eliphal in 1 Chr. 11:35. "(2.) One of the sons of David born at Jerusalem (1 Chr. 3:6; 14:5); called Elpale ... Elisabeth "God her oath, the mother of John the Baptist (Luke 1:5). She was" a descendant of Aaron. She and her husband Zacharias (q.v.) "were both righteous before God (Luke 1:5, 13). Mary's visit to" Elisabe ... Elisha "God his salvation, the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah, who" became the attendant and disciple of Elijah (1 Kings 19:16-19). His name first occurs in the command given to Elijah to anoint him as his ... Elishah "The oldest of the four sons of Javan (Gen. 10:4), whose" descendants peopled Greece. It has been supposed that Elishah's "descendants peopled the Peloponnesus, which was known by the" "name of Elis. ... Elishama "Whom God hears. (1.) A prince of Benjamin, grandfather of Joshua" (Num. 1:10; 1 Chr. 7:26). (2.) One of David's sons (2 Sam. 5:16). (3.) Another of David's sons (1 Chr. 3:6). (4.) A priest sent by J ... Elishaphat "Whom God has judged, one of the "captains of hundreds" associated with Jehoiada in the league to overthrow the usurpation of Athaliah (2 Chr. 23:1). ... Elisheba "God is her oath, the daughter of Amminadab and the wife of Aaron" (Ex. 6:23). ... Elishua "God his salvation, a son of David, 2 Sam. 5:15 = Elishama, 1" Chr. 3:6. ... Elkanah "God-created. (1.) The second son of Korah (Ex. 6:24), or," "according to 1 Chr. 6:22, 23, more correctly his grandson." "(2.) Another Levite of the line of Heman the singer, although he does not see ... Elkosh "God my bow, the birth-place of Nahum the prophet (Nah. 1:1). It" "was probably situated in Galilee, but nothing definite is known" of it. ... Ellasar "The oak or heap of Assyria, a territory in Asia of which Arioch" "was king (Gen. 14:1, 9). It is supposed that the old Chaldean" "town of Larsa was the metropolis of this kingdom, situated" "nearly ... Elm "Hos. 4:13; rendered "terebinth" in the Revised Version. It is" "the Pistacia terebinthus of Linn., a tree common in Palestine," "long-lived, and therefore often employed for landmarks and in" "desig ... Elnathan "Whom God has given. (1.) An inhabitant of Jerusalem, the father" "of Nehushta, who was the mother of king Jehoiachin (2 Kings" 24:8). Probably the same who tried to prevent Jehoiakim from burning th ... Elon "Oak. (1.) A city of Dan (Josh. 19:43). (2.) A Hittite, father of" "Bashemath, Esau's wife (Gen. 26:34). (3.) One of the sons of" Zebulun (Gen. 46:14). (4.) The eleventh of the Hebrew judges. He "hel ... Elparan "Oak of Paran, a place on the edge of the wilderness bordering" the territory of the Horites (Gen. 14:6). This was the farthest point to which Chedorlaomer's expedition extended. It is identified wit ... Eltekeh "God is its fear, a city in the tribe of Dan. It was a city of" refuge and a Levitical city (Josh. 21:23). It has been "identified with Beit-Likia, north-east of latrum." ... Elul "(Neh. 6:15), the name of the sixth month of the ecclesiastical" "year, and the twelfth of the civil year. It began with the new" "moon of our August and September, and consisted of twenty-nine" days ... Elymas "Magician or sorcerer, the Arabic name of the Jew Bar-jesus, who" withstood Paul and Barnabas in Cyprus. He was miraculously struck with blindness (Acts 13:11). ... Embalming The process of preserving a body by means of aromatics (Gen. "50:2, 3, 26). This art was practised by the Egyptians from the" "earliest times, and there brought to great perfection. This" custom prob ... Embroider The art of embroidery was known to the Jews (Ex. 26:36; 35:35; 38:23; Judg. 5:30; Ps. 45:14). The skill of the women in this art was seen in the preparation of the sacerdotal robes of the high priest ... Emerald "Heb. nophek (Ex. 28:18; 39:11); i.e., the "glowing stone"," "probably the carbuncle, a precious stone in the breastplate of" the high priest. It is mentioned (Rev. 21:19) as one of the foundations o ... Emerod Emims "Terrors, a warlike tribe of giants who were defeated by" Chedorlaomer and his allies in the plain of Kiriathaim. In the "time of Abraham they occupied the country east of Jordan," afterwards the lan ... Emmanuel "God with us, Matt. 1:23). (See [183]IMMANUEL.)" ... Emmaus "Hot baths, a village "three-score furlongs" from jerusalem," where our Lord had an interview with two of his disciples on the day of his resurrection (Luke 24:13). This has been identified "with the ... Emmor "An ass, Acts 7:16. (See [184]HAMOR.)" ... Encamp An encampment was the resting-place for a longer or shorter period of an army or company of travellers (Ex. 13:20; 14:19; Josh. 10:5; 11:5). "The manner in which the Israelites encamped during their ... Enchantments "(1.) The rendering of Hebrew latim_ or _lehatim, which means" "something covered, "muffled up;" secret arts, tricks (Ex." "7:11, 22; 8:7, 18), by which the Egyptian magicians imposed on" the creduli ... End "In Heb. 13:7, is the rendering of the unusual Greek word" "ekbasin, meaning "outcome", i.e., death. It occurs only" "elsewhere in 1 Cor. 10:13, where it is rendered "escape." ... Endor "Fountain of Dor; i.e., "of the age", a place in the territory of" Issachar (Josh. 17:11) near the scene of the great victory which was gained by Deborah and Barak over Sisera and Jabin (comp. Ps. "8 ... Eneglaim "Fountain of two calves, a place mentioned only in Ezek. 47:10." Somewhere near the Dead Sea. ... Engannim Fountain of gardens. (1.) A town in the plains of Judah (Josh. "15:34), north-west of Jerusalem, between Zanoah and Tappuah. It" is the modern Umm Jina. "(2.) A city on the border of Machar (Josh. 19 ... Engedi "Fountain of the kid, place in the wilderness of Judah (Josh." "15:62), on the western shore of the Dead Sea (Ezek. 47:10), and" nearly equidistant from both extremities. To the wilderness near this ... Engines "(1.) Heb. hishalon i.e., "invention" (as in Eccl. 7:29)" contrivances indicating ingenuity. In 2 Chr. 26:15 it refers to inventions for the purpose of propelling missiles from the walls "of a town, ... Engraver Heb. harash (Ex. 35:35; 38:23) means properly an artificer in "wood, stone, or metal. The chief business of the engraver was" cutting names or devices on rings and seals and signets (Ex. "28:11, 21, ... Enhakkore "Fountain of the crier, the name of the spring in Lehi which" burst forth in answer to Samson's prayer when he was exhausted with the slaughter of the Philistines (Judg. 15:19). It has been "identifi ... Enmity "Deep-rooted hatred. "I will put enmity between thee and the" "woman, between thy seed and her seed" (Gen. 3:15). The" "friendship of the world is "enmity with God" (James 4:4; 1 John" "2:15, 16). Th ... Enoch "Initiated. (1.) The eldest son of Cain (Gen. 4:17), who built a" "city east of Eden in the land of Nod, and called it "after the" "name of his son Enoch." This is the first "city" mentioned in" Scri ... Enos "Man the son of Seth, and grandson of Adam (Gen. 5:6-11; Luke" "3:38). He lived nine hundred and five years. In his time "men" "began to call upon the name of the Lord" (Gen. 4:26), meaning" either ( ... Enrogel "Fountain of the treaders; i.e., "foot-fountain;" also called the" "fullers' fountain, because fullers here trod the clothes in" "water. It has been identified with the "fountain of the virgin" "(q.v ... Enshemesh Fountain of the sun a spring which formed one of the landmarks on the boundary between Judah and Benjamin (Josh. 15:7; 18:17). "It was between the "ascent of Adummim" and the spring of" "En-rogel, an ... Ensign "(1.) Heb. `oth, a military standard, especially of a single" "tribe (Num. 2:2). Each separate tribe had its own "sign" or" ensign. "(2.) Heb. nes, a lofty signal, as a column or high pole (Num. "21: ... Entertain "Entertainments, "feasts," were sometimes connected with a public" "festival (Deut. 16:11, 14), and accompanied by offerings (1 Sam." "9:13), in token of alliances (Gen. 26:30); sometimes in" "connec ... Epaenetus "Commendable, a Christian at Rome to whom Paul sent his" "salutation (Rom. 16:5). He is spoken of as "the first fruits of" "Achaia" (R.V., "of Asia", i.e., of proconsular Asia, which is" probably the ... Epaphras "Lovely, spoken of by Paul (Col. 1:7; 4:12) as "his dear" "fellow-servant," and "a faithful minister of Christ." He was" thus evidently with him at Rome when he wrote to the Colossians. "He was a dis ... Epaphroditus "Fair, graceful; belonging to Aphrodite or Venus the messenger" who came from Phillipi to the apostle when he was a prisoner at Rome (Phil. 2:25-30; 4:10-18). Paul mentions him in words of esteem and ... Ephah "Gloom. (1.) One of the five sons of Midian, and grandson of" "Abraham (Gen. 25:4). The city of Ephah, to which he gave his" "name, is mentioned Isa. 60:6, 7. This city, with its surrounding" "territ ... Epher "A calf. (1.) One of the sons of Midian, who was Abraham's son by" Keturah (Gen. 25:4). "(2.) The head of one of the families of trans-Jordanic Manasseh who were carried captive by Tiglath-pileser (1 ... Ephesdammim "Boundary of blood, a place in the tribe of Judah where the" Philistines encamped when David fought with Goliath (1 Sam. 17:1). It was probably so called as having been the scene of frequent sanguina ... Ephesians Epistle to Was written by Paul at Rome about the same time as that to the "Colossians, which in many points it resembles." "Contents of. The Epistle to the Colossians is mainly polemical, designed to refute cer ... Ephesus "The capital of proconsular Asia, which was the western part of" Asia Minor. It was colonized principally from Athens. In the "time of the Romans it bore the title of "the first and greatest" "metrop ... Ephod "Something girt, a sacred vestment worn originally by the high" "priest (Ex. 28:4), afterwards by the ordinary priest (1 Sam." "22:18), and characteristic of his office (1 Sam. 2:18, 28;" "14:3). It ... Ephphatha "The Greek form of a Syro-Chaldaic or Aramaic word, meaning "Be" "opened," uttered by Christ when healing the man who was deaf and" dumb (Mark 7:34). It is one of the characteristics of Mark that he ... Ephraim "Double fruitfulness ("for God had made him fruitful in the land" "of his affliction"). The second son of Joseph, born in Egypt" (Gen. 41:52; 46:20). The first incident recorded regarding him "is his ... Ephraim Gate of "One of the gates of Jerusalem (2 Kings 14:13; 2 Chr. 25:23), on" "the side of the city looking toward Ephraim, the north side." ... Ephraim in the wilderness "(John 11: 54), a town to which our Lord retired with his" "disciples after he had raised Lazarus, and when the priests were" "conspiring against him. It lay in the wild, uncultivated" "hill-country ... Ephraim Mount The central mountainous district of Palestine occupied by the "tribe of Ephraim (Josh. 17:15; 19:50; 20:7), extending from" Bethel to the plain of Jezreel. In Joshua's time (Josh. 17:18) these hills ... Ephraim The tribe of Took precedence over that of Manasseh by virtue of Jacob's blessing (Gen. 41:52; 48:1). The descendants of Joseph formed "two of the tribes of Israel, whereas each of the other sons of" Jacob was the ... Ephraim Wood of A forest in which a fatal battle was fought between the army of "David and that of Absalom, who was killed there (2 Sam. 18:6," "8). It lay on the east of Jordan, not far from Mahanaim, and was" some ... Ephratah "Fruitful. (1.) The second wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron," "mother of Hur, and grandmother of Caleb, who was one of those" "that were sent to spy the land (1 Chr. 2:19, 50)." "(2.) The ancient nam ... Ephrathite "A citizen of Ephratah, the old name of Bethlehem (Ruth 1:2; 1" "Sam. 17:12), or Bethlehem-Judah." ... Ephron "Fawn-like. (1.) The son of Zohar a Hittite, the owner of the" "field and cave of Machpelah (q.v.), which Abraham bought for 400" "shekels of silver (Gen. 23:8-17; 25:9; 49:29, 30)." "(2.) A mountain ... Epicureans "Followers of Epicurus (who died at Athens B.C. 270), or" adherents of the Epicurean philosophy (Acts 17:18). This "philosophy was a system of atheism, and taught men to seek as" their highest aim a ... Epistles The apostolic letters. The New Testament contains twenty-one in "all. They are divided into two classes. (1.) Paul's Epistles," "fourteen in number, including Hebrews. These are not arranged in" "the ... Erastus "Beloved. (1.) The "chamberlain" of the city of Corinth (Rom." "16:23), and one of Paul's disciples. As treasurer of such a city" "he was a public officer of great dignity, and his conversion to" the ... Erech "(LXX., "Orech"), length, or Moon-town, one of the cities of" Nimrod's kingdom in the plain of Shinar (Gen. 10:10); the Orchoe of the Greeks and Romans. It was probably the city of the "Archevites, w ... Esaias "The Greek form for Isaiah, constantly used in the Authorized" "Version of the New Testament (Matt. 3:3; 4:14), but in the" "Revised Version always "Isaiah." ... Esarhaddon "Assur has given a brother, successor of Sennacherib (2 Kings" 19:37; Isa. 37:38). He ascended the throne about B.C. 681. "Nothing further is recorded of him in Scripture, except that he" settled cer ... Esau "Hairy, Rebekah's first-born twin son (Gen. 25:25). The name of" "Edom, "red", was also given to him from his conduct in" "connection with the red lentil "pottage" for which he sold his" "birthright ... Eschew "From old French eschever, "to flee from" (Job 1:1, 8; 2:3; 1" Pet. 3:11). ... Esdraelon "The Greek form of the Hebrew "Jezreel," the name of the great" "plain (called by the natives Merj Ibn Amer; i.e., "the meadow of" "the son of Amer") which stretches across Central Palestine from" "t ... Esek "Quarrel, a well which Isaac's herdsmen dug in the valley of" "Gerar, and so called because the herdsmen of Gerar quarrelled" with them for its possession (Gen. 26:20). ... Eshbaal "Man of Baal, the fourth son of king Saul (1 Chr. 8:33; 9:39). He" "is also called Ish-bosheth (q.v.), 2 Sam. 2:8." ... Eshcol Bunch; brave. (1.) A young Amoritish chief who joined Abraham in "the recovery of Lot from the hands of Chedorlaomer (Gen. 14:13," 24). "(2.) A valley in which the spies obtained a fine cluster of "g ... Eshean "A place in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:52), supposed to be" "the ruin es-Simia, near Dumah, south of Hebron." ... Eshtaol "Narrow pass or recess, a town (Josh. 15:33) in the low country," the She-phelah of Judah. It was allotted to the tribe of Dan "(Josh. 19:41), and was one of their strongholds. Here Samson" "spent hi ... Eshtemoa "Obedience, a town in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 21:14; 1 Chr." "6:57), which was allotted, with the land round it, to the" priests. It was frequented by David and his followers during their wande ... Espouse "(2 Sam. 3:14), to betroth. The espousal was a ceremony of" "betrothing, a formal agreement between the parties then coming" under obligation for the purpose of marriage. Espousals are in the East fr ... Essenes A Jewish mystical sect somewhat resembling the Pharisees. They "affected great purity. They originated about B.C. 100, and" disappeared from history after the destruction of Jerusalem. "They are not ... Esther "The queen of Ahasuerus, and heroine of the book that bears her" "name. She was a Jewess named Hadas'sah (the myrtle), but when" she entered the royal harem she received the name by which she hencefo ... Esther Book of The authorship of this book is unknown. It must have been obviously written after the death of Ahasuerus (the Xerxes of "the Greeks), which took place B.C. 465. The minute and" particular account als ... Etam Eyrie. (1.) A village of the tribe of Simeon (1 Chr. 4:32). Into "some cleft ("top," A.V.,; R.V., "cleft") of a rock here Samson" "retired after his slaughter of the Philistines (Judg. 15:8, 11)." It ... Eternal death The miserable fate of the wicked in hell (Matt. 25:46; Mark 3:29; Heb. 6:2; 2 Thess. 1:9; Matt. 18:8; 25:41; Jude 1:7). The Scripture as clearly teaches the unending duration of the penal "sufferings ... Eternal life This expression occurs in the Old Testament only in Dan. 12:2 "(R.V., "everlasting life")." "It occurs frequently in the New Testament (Matt. 7:14; 18:8, 9; Luke 10:28; comp. 18:18). It comprises the ... Etham "Perhaps another name for Khetam, or "fortress," on the Shur or" "great wall of Egypt, which extended from the Mediterranean to" the Gulf of Suez. Here the Israelites made their third encampment (Ex. ... Ethan "Firm. (1.) "The Ezrahite," distinguished for his wisdom (1 Kings" 4:31). He is named as the author of the 89th Psalm. He was of the tribe of Levi. "(2.) A Levite of the family of Merari, one of the ... Ethanim "The month of gifts, i.e., of vintage offerings; called Tisri" after the Exile; corresponding to part of September and October. "It was the first month of the civil year, and the seventh of the" sacr ... Ethbaal "With Baal, a king of Sidon (B.C. 940-908), father of Jezebel," who was the wife of Ahab (1 Kings 16:31). He is said to have "been also a priest of Astarte, whose worship was closely allied" "to that ... Ethiopia Country of burnt faces; the Greek word by which the Hebrew Cush is rendered (Gen. 2:13; 2 Kings 19:9; Esther 1:1; Job 28:19; Ps. "68:31; 87:4), a country which lay to the south of Egypt," "beginning ... Ethiopian eunuch "The chief officer or prime minister of state of Candace (q.v.)," queen of Ethiopia. He was converted to Christianity through the instrumentality of Philip (Act 8:27). The northern portion of "Ethiop ... Ethiopian woman "The wife of Moses (Num. 12:1). It is supposed that Zipporah," "Moses' first wife (Ex. 2:21), was now dead. His marriage of this" woman descended from Ham gave offence to Aaron and Miriam. ... Eunice "Happily conquering, the mother of Timothy, a believing Jewess," but married to a Greek (Acts 16:1). She trained her son from his childhood in the knowledge of the Scriptures (2 Tim. 3:15). She "was ... Eunuch "Literally bed-keeper or chamberlain, and not necessarily in all" "cases one who was mutilated, although the practice of employing" such mutilated persons in Oriental courts was common (2 Kings 9:32; ... Euodias "A good journey, a female member of the church at Philippi. She" was one who laboured much with Paul in the gospel. He exhorts her to be of one mind with Syntyche (Phil. 4:2). From this it seems they ... Euphrates "Hebrew, Perath; Assyrian, Purat; Persian cuneiform, Ufratush," "whence Greek Euphrates, meaning "sweet water." The Assyrian name" "means "the stream," or "the great stream." It is generally" "called ... Euroclydon "South-east billow, the name of the wind which blew in the" "Adriatic Gulf, and which struck the ship in which Paul was" "wrecked on the coast of Malta (Acts 27:14; R.V., "Euraquilo," "i.e., north-ea ... Eutychus "Fortunate, (Acts 20:9-12), a young man of Troas who fell through" drowsiness from the open window of the third floor of the house "where Paul was preaching, and was "taken up dead." The" "lattice-wo ... Evangelist "A "publisher of glad tidings;" a missionary preacher of the" "gospel (Eph. 4:11). This title is applied to Philip (Acts 21:8)," who appears to have gone from city to city preaching the word "(8:4, 4 ... Eve "Life; living, the name given by Adam to his wife (Gen. 3:20;" "4:1). The account of her creation is given in Gen. 2:21, 22. The" "Creator, by declaring that it was not good for man to be alone," "an ... Evening The period following sunset with which the Jewish day began (Gen. 1:5; Mark 13:35). The Hebrews reckoned two evenings of "each day, as appears from Ex. 16:12: 30:8; 12:6 (marg.); Lev." "23:5 (marg. R ... Everlasting "Eternal, applied to God (Gen. 21:33; Deut. 33:27; Ps. 41:13;" "90:2). We also read of the "everlasting hills" (Gen. 49:26); an" everlasting priesthood (Ex. 40:15; Num. 25:13). (See [196]ETERNAL.) ... Evil eye "(Prov. 23:6), figuratively, the envious or covetous. (Comp." Deut. 15:9; Matt. 20:15.) ... Evilmerodach "Merodach's man, the son and successor of Nebuchadnezzar, king of" "Babylon (2 Kings 25:27; Jer. 52:31, 34). He seems to have" reigned but two years (B.C. 562-560). Influenced probably by "Daniel, he ... Evilspeaking "Is expressly forbidden (Titus 3:2; James 4:11), and severe" punishments are denounced against it (1 Cor. 5:11; 6:10). It is "spoken of also with abhorrence (Ps. 15:3; Prov. 18:6, 7), and is" foreign ... Example Of Christ (1 Pet. 2:21; John 13:15); of pastors to their flocks (Phil. 3:17; 2 Thess. 3:9; 1 Tim. 4:12; 1 Pet. 5:3); of the Jews as a warning (Heb. 4:11); of the prophets as suffering affliction (Jam ... Executioner "(Mark 6:27). Instead of the Greek word, Mark here uses a Latin" "word, speculator, which literally means "a scout," "a spy," and" at length came to denote one of the armed bodyguard of the "emperor. ... Exercise bodily (1 Tim. 4:8). An ascetic mortification of the flesh and denial of personal gratification (comp. Col. 2:23) to which some sects "of the Jews, especially the Essenes, attached importance." ... Exile "(1.) Of the kingdom of Israel. In the time of Pekah," Tiglath-pileser II. carried away captive into Assyria (2 Kings "15:29; comp. Isa. 10:5, 6) a part of the inhabitants of Galilee" and of Gilead ( ... Exodus The great deliverance wrought for the children of Isreal when "they were brought out of the land of Egypt with "a mighty hand" "and with an outstretched arm" (Ex 12:51; Deut. 26:8; Ps 114;" "136), ab ... Exodus Book of Exodus is the name given in the LXX. to the second book of the "Pentateuch (q.v.). It means "departure" or "outgoing." This name" "was adopted in the Latin translation, and thence passed into" "other ... Exorcist "(Acts 19:13). "In that sceptical and therefore superstitious age" professional exorcist abounded. Many of these professional "exorcists were disreputable Jews, like Simon in Samaria and" "Elymas in ... Expiation Guilt is said to be expiated when it is visited with punishment falling on a substitute. Expiation is made for our sins when they are punished not in ourselves but in another who consents to stand in ... Eye "(Heb. `ain, meaning "flowing"), applied (1) to a fountain," "frequently; (2) to colour (Num. 11:7; R.V., "appearance," marg." "eye); (3) the face (Ex. 10:5, 15; Num. 22:5, 11), in Num." "14:14, "fac ... Ezekias "Grecized form of Hezekiah (Matt. 1:9, 10)." ... Ezekiel "God will strengthen. (1.) 1 Chr. 24:16, "Jehezekel." "(2.) One of the great prophets, the son of Buzi the priest (Ezek. 1:3). He was one of the Jewish exiles who settled at "Tel-Abib, on the banks o ... Ezekiel Book of Consists mainly of three groups of prophecies. After an account "of his call to the prophetical office (1-3:21), Ezekiel (1)" "utters words of denunciation against the Jews (3:22-24), warning" "them ... Ezel "A separation, (1 Sam. 20:19), a stone, or heap of stones, in the" "neighbourhood of Saul's residence, the scene of the parting of" David and Jonathan (42). The margin of the Authorized Version "read ... Ezer "Treasure. (1.) One of the sons of Seir, the native princes," "dukes, of Mount Hor (Gen. 36:21, 27). (2.) 1 Chr. 7:21; (3.)" 4:4. (4.) One of the Gadite champions who repaired to David at Ziklag (12: ... Eziongeber The giant's backbone (so called from the head of a mountain "which runs out into the sea), an ancient city and harbour at the" "north-east end of the Elanitic branch of the Red Sea, the Gulf" "of Aka ... Ezra Help. (1.) A priest among those that returned to Jerusalem under Zerubabel (Neh. 12:1). "(2.) The "scribe" who led the second body of exiles that "returned from Babylon to Jerusalem B.C. 459, and aut ... Ezra Book of This book is the record of events occurring at the close of the "Babylonian exile. It was at one time included in Nehemiah, the" Jews regarding them as one volume. The two are still distinguished in ... Ezrahite "A title given to Ethan (1 Kings 4:31; Ps. 89, title) and Heman" "(Ps. 88, title). They were both sons of Zerah (1 Chr. 2:6)." ... Ezri "Help of Jehovah, the son of Chelub. He superintended, under" "David, those who "did the work of the field for tillage" (1 Chr." 27:26). ...
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